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StarDrive Generator  
 home of the revolutionary Electrodynamic Field Generator 
 
 

 
Unlimited new potential for our world now exists in the revolutionary StarDrive Generator energy technology developed and  patented  by Archer Enterprises, which may soon be used for generating electric power on commercial and utility scales more efficiently and economically than virtually any other means known! And, alternative energy researchers and all you ZERO-POINT ENERGY enthusiasts may be gratified to learn that a prototype of this exotic non-nuclear over-unity electronic dynamo for producing abundant, clean and inexpensive electric power is now being assembled, using a number of commonplace late 20th century technologies.


Electrodynamic Field Generator:
 
   The official name of the StarDrive 'Electronic Dynamo',  per the U.S. Patent and PCT (international) Applications, is Electrodynamic Field Generator. The EDF Generator uses banks of permanent magnets  and  rotating Field Coils  to produce a very-high DC rotor voltage, and  plane-parallel ring electrode arrays  to electrostatically expand and control that voltage as applied to the housing, so that huge quantities of external Field electrons will be self-accelerated to extreme energy levels. It's somewhat like a glorified arc welder whose output is deliberately shorted to its own casing, and the DC voltage and current across the emitter and collector housing sections can be thermoelectrically elevated to lightning-like values: but the external Field current density is limited to a value that falls short of damaging the casing materials!
 

StarDrive Generator housing &  electrodynamic Field configuration.

   Electrons circulating in the external Field envelope (depicted in blue above) can reach impact velocities at the two central collector sections which are very nearly that of light. Vast quantities of heat may therefore be generated in the StarDrive device's collectors, and liquid sodium will be pumped through the Primary Arrays' ceramic resistor networks (below) in large-scale machines as a coolant. Of course, this "waste" heat may be used in the commercial generation of electricity and desalinization of seawater. In fact, because an intense electric discharge field has the capacity to absorb endless quantities of quantum background energy*, the EDF Generator  is so efficient  that the commercial desalination of seawater becomes truly cost-effective for the first time! And the simple DC Primary Power System, like the early FARADAY DISK DYNAMO, is wholly rotor-based . . .
 


>>> *The EDF Generator is designed to take maximum advantage of the electron's inherent ability to absorb nearly any amount of ambient photonic EM energy and zero-point energy (random background electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations) as necessary to maintain its eternal steady-state spin, both in its ceaselessly self-mobile kinetic activity and in an engineered electrical circuit where untold numbers of electrons in a continuous vacuum field discharge may be artfully manipulated into doing vast quantities of recoverable work.


    It would be hard to find a more cogent and satisfying explanation of this controversial 21st-century electrodynamic principle [which would validly account for the source of a StarDrive device's over-unity power output] than that recently published by
Dr. Thomas Beardenwho is one of the only inventors ever to verifiably demonstrate true over-unity operation of an all-electromagnetic device [the Motionless Electromagnetic Generator]. His superb 'technical' paper "Source Charge, Van Flandern Waterfall, and Leyton Geometry", [Dec. 2, 2003] fully and clearly provides – largely in layman's terms! – the definitive answers as to why it must be possible to extract useful energy from the vacuum and its associated zero-point energy.

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Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2002 01:07:52 -0600
 

Dear John,

You confuse COP with efficiency, and they are two quite different things.  Even many of the textbooks confuse these terms quite often.

Rigorously, the efficiency of a motor or system may be defined as (total useful output) divided by (total energy input from all sources).  No  inert system can have an efficiency of greater than 100%, for that would be a violation of energy conservation.

The coefficient of performance (COP) of a motor or system may be defined as (total useful output) divided by (energy input by the operator only).  If the operator only has to input, say, 10 joules of energy and the active environment freely inputs 90 joules of energy, then the total input is 100 joules.  Now suppose that the system has 50% efficiency; i.e., it wastes or "loses" half the energy before it dissipates the rest of it in the load to do useful work.  In that case the system outputs 50 joules of work for a total input of 100 joules, but with the operator only inputting 10 of those 100 input joules.

So this system has an efficiency of 50% but a COP =5.0.

A windmill, e.g., may have an efficiency of 30% or less, but its COP approaches infinity because the operator does not have to input any energy at all.  He just pays for the siting, building of the windmill, repairs, and maintenance.  And hopes his winds hold good.

The common home heatpump is usually not even 50% efficient, but in appropriate conditions it has a maximum COP = 8.22, and any good heatpump will actually produce about COP = 4.0.

In a sailboat, you have to input some energy to move the rudder and steer it, but not nearly so much energy as is used to propel the boat through the water.  The wind caught by the sail inputs the rest of it.  Yet the sail is a fairly sloppy process also, and unless well-designed will not be nearly as efficient as a well-designed one.

So the trick is to get the active environment to give you a "free wind" so you can have something approaching a windmill.  Or as close to that as you can get.

Fortunately, in electrodynamics there are many "free winds" one can make with ease.  The simplest one is to just make a common dipole.  Lee and Yang received a Nobel Prize in 1957 for their work in broken symmetry and the weak interaction.  One of the broken symmetries that was proven was that of opposite charges -- such as are on the ends of a dipole.

The very words "broken symmetry" in power systems implies that something virtual has become observable.  In other words, the charges of the dipole continually absorb virtual photons from the seething vacuum (that is proven and well-known, and one does not have to prove it again).  The spin of the charges then coherently integrates that absorbed virtual energy into real, observable EM energy.  The dipole thus pours out EM energy in all directions at the speed of light.  Let it alone and don't destroy it, and it will pour out that energy indefinitely.  The dipoles in the original matter in the universe have been doing that for some 14 billion years or so.  We used that fact of broken symmetry of opposite charges, together with the known clustering of virtual charges of opposite sign around any "isolated" observable charge, to treat the observable charge as a set of composite dipoles.  Hence this finally explained the long-vexing source charge problem: how does a charge just sit there an pour out energy in all directions at the speed of light, establishing its associated fields and potentials and all that energy in them?  We explained that in 2000, after a couple or three years work on it.

A simple "free energy system" can be built for a dollar.  Just place a charged capacitor (or electret) across a permanent magnet so that the E-field is perpendicular to the H-field of the magnet.  That silly thing will sit there and pour out Poynting energy flow S = E x H, so long as you just let it alone.  Wait one year, and it will have changed the energy density of a volume of space a light year in radius (reaching out beyond the solar system).

In solving the dipole and source charge problems, it was found that the energy input comes from the time domain into 3-space via the negative charge, and exits 3-space back to the time domain via the positive charge.

In electrical engineering, it is recognized that the source charge pours out the energy to create all its associated fields, but until 2000 there has been no explanation as to what furnished the input energy.  In effect, electrical engineering and classical electrodynamicists for more than a century have assumed that every charge in the universe is a perpetual motion machine of the worst kind, creating energy out of nothing.

There is no problem at all in extracting all the energy one wishes from the active vacuum, anywhere in the universe, at any time.  Just make a dipole.

The problem is in (1) catching some of that freely gushing EM energy in a circuit containing a load, and (2) dissipating the caught and collected EM energy in that load to power it, without using half the caught energy to destroy the source dipole(s).

That is the ONLY real energy problem on the planet, and always has been.

It is ironic that the National Academy of Science, the National Science Foundation, the great national test labs, the universities, and the private research institutes are not working on the sole energy problem at all.

Hope this helps.

Tom Bearden



Subject: Simple 1.25 efficiency test ... Please help me out ...
Date: Sun, 24 Feb 2002 23:28:18 -0500
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook, Build 10.0.2616
Importance: Normal

Hi, first let me thank you for all your great research and time you devoted for our society &

With great respect I would like to clarify simple shadow that is left upon a discussion I had with somebody about your research & Id really like to be able to explain all of this myself to my partner but I can t & perhaps if you could help me I would really appreciate.

In this article you describe a 1.25 over unity system & everything was fine until my partner pointed at me that such electrical circuit is merely impossible to find (I mean by this that it as 100% efficiency &) and that most of scientist or engineer would always take those lost of energy in their calculation of efficiency & therefore leaving this kind of theorical experiments impossible to be.

If I did well understand him, no circuit is totally 100% free of lost of energy & so that it would be impossible to get 100% of power at the shaft. And as following, the total power calculated would (in a perfect world approach 100% of used power or inputed).

I think you are right about this but I have no good explanation about this & so once again id really appreciate you help me out here &

With best regard , John


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Energy Density of the Vacuum

The energy density of the vacuum potential is enormous, even mind-boggling.  While scientists have estimated that energy by various means, a reasonable calculation is given by Wheeler and Misner in their Geometrodynamics.  In that calculation, Wheeler and Misner apply the formalism of general relativity to the zero point energy of vacuum.  The fabric of space appears as a turbulent virtual plasma consisting of particles whose size is on the order of Planck's lengthsome 10 -33 cm. The energy density of the electric flux passing through each particle is enormous:  It is 1093 grams per cubic centimeter, expressed in mass units (i.e., the energy per cubic centimeter has been divided by c2).

And that's just using the spatial energy density (the decompressed or ordinary energy).  The energy density of the vacuum is appreciably greater than what physicists normally calculate, because they do not calculate the additional time-energy density portion of the vacuum stress.  If we also allow for the time-energy (the compressed energy), we restore that c2 division factor, producing on the order of 10110 grams per cubic centimeter, orin energy termson the order of 10127 joules per cubic centimeter.


J. A. Wheeler and C. Misner, Geometrodynamics, Academic Press, New York, 1962.


Tom Bearden comments:

There are many ways to extract energy from the seething vacuum. Unfortunately, at present our scientific community takes a bizarre stance.  In particle physics it is well known that the active vacuum is incredibly energetic. Calculations by leading physicists such as Wheeler show that a cubic centimeter of vacuum (about the tip of one's little finger in volume) has so much raw energy in it that, if condensed into matter, there would be more matter than is observable in the universe through the largest telescope! So even a tiny efficiency of tapping could and will extract all the energy anyone could wish.

 
However, in classical Maxwell Heaviside electrodynamics (as used in electrical engineering), the same scientific community now assumes in the model that the vacuum is absolutely inert!

The model also assumes that the local spacetime is flat, so no energy from curved spacetime can be forthcoming, according to that inane model. Then the model assumes that all EM fields, potentials, and every joule of EM energy in the universe is produced by their associated source chargesright out of nothing at all, with no energy input to the charge at all, but with continuous energy flow from it.

            ----------------------------------------------------------
   Perhaps the greatest advantage the EDF Generator may have over almost any other over-unity device now known or proposed is that it is fundamentally linearly-scalable – including the liquid sodium coolant system. Not only can large "Thermal Unit" devices be designed to produce electrical power at  60 to 720 MW output levels,  but they will be able to do so for many years before the permanent magnet banks must be remagnetized! And the only truly external input energy required  in the meantime  is that necessary to initially bring the rotor up to speed . . .**
 

** > for recommended background on the StarDrive Generator's method of operation

[ On June 11, 2002, U.S. Patent 6,404,089 for the Electrodynamic Field Generator was issued to Mark Tomion, president of Archer Enterprises. To the best of our knowledge, this Patent is the first in the world for a truly all-electric power plant, and you may  click here  to link to it.  Regrettably, most of the equations provided at the close of the Description section, which define the classic 'flying saucer' housing configuration that is so important to the device's proper operation, are virtually unrecognizable in the online American version.
 
Fortunately, the Europeans distilled a pdf copy for the EDF Generator's PCT (International) Patent Application that is photostatically identical to the original, and the math and drawings came through beautifully. The Detailed Calculations are shown on pages 70–78, and the Table of Dimensions that describes the  housing's shape  in purely algebraic terms  is on pgs. 70–71. Therefore,  if you would like  to review the PCT Application, click here.


Exceeding the Efficiency Limit:
 
Although it seems almost too simple to have such profound consequences, the reason that only a handful of engineers and inventors have ever succeeded in demonstrating true over-unity electric power production is that they nearly all seem bent on generating alternating current (AC)! And this is in light of the fact that it has been known for about 150 years that a continuously changing electric current induces an opposed magnetic field which changes continuously in such a way that the efficiency of any coil-based AC generation methodology must tend to be self-limiting to less than 100% thermodynamically.
 
Nikola Tesla may have shown us that AC is the most efficient form in which to transmit electrical energy in a large-scale physical distribution grid, but almost everyone since seems to have lost sight of the simple fact that electric power is most efficiently generated in the form of continuous (pure) direct current [DC]!! And that type of output is characteristic of the original Faraday disk dynamo, with its rotating unwound armature and stationary permanent-magnet fields, which remains to this day one of the very best ways to generate this form of power. This can certainly now be said as well of the Electrodynamic Field Generator, or StarDrive device, as an exotic derivative of the
Faraday induction dynamo – which we've recently proven to have inherent over-unity potential.

    From this perspective, it can be seen that the 24kW air-cooled StarDrive (EDF) Generator we are currently prototyping – which is only 30" in diameter, and will weigh less than 50 lbs. – should exhibit an extraordinary over-unity Coefficient of Performance  for the following reasons:
 
(1) in a StarDrive Generator or Dynamo, DC current is induced to flow in the Field output circuit by means of static electric fields which impress a voltage directly across the conductive rotor segments, rather than by alternating magnetic fields that are linked to a ferromagnetic armature and/or stator. And, given the resultant capacitive brushless isolation of the output rotor current from the induction ring input circuit, the magnitude of the device's DC output current is limited only by rotor ampacity and the  thermionic emission rate of its Primary Array cathodes – and is therefore electrochemically- and temperature-dependent only (not mechanically and/or magnetically dependent);
 
(2) a load-proportional magnetic back-torque on the ceramic rotor is not continuously produced but only while the output current is increasing, and otherwise the full-load input torque required is not significantly greater than that under open-circuit (no-load) operation! So, the equilibrium input torque at any given output level is merely that required to overcome simple frictional losses;
 


(3) by carrying the entire output current on only a small number of radialinear rotor segments, even the tiny remaining inductive magnetic losses just described are minimized, in that the self-inductance of a straight conductor is lower than that of a closed-loop by a factor of π (pi). While only 32 such segments are used in our prototype 24kW StarDrive Generator, the self-inductance in any typical generator or electromagnetic coil is the product of hundreds or thousands of turns (or closed loops) of wire – leading to Lenz losses which are correspondingly higher than those that will be evident in any EDF Generator; and
 
(4) most importantly, once a 24 kW no-load Field current has been established at a desired inverter input voltage, electrical input to the warm-up heaters may be wholly discontinued due to adequate internal voltage-drop heating of the power resistors and their attached thermionic primary cathodes  – and then the only significant input power required is that drawn by the small DC rotor drive motor.

            

    For these reasons we are confident that our prototype 24kW air-cooled StarDrive Generator will demonstrate during certified testing a minimum no-load COP of 20 [i.e., a net output-to-input ratio of 20:1], and a minimum full-load COP of between 4 and 7. Such a successful demonstration will quickly open up incredible opportunities for both private and commercial entities in applications which could never be cost-effectively (or profitably) developed to date. One of the first applications we intend to pursue with the 24kW StarDrive Generator is the commercial electrolytic production of hydrogen for use in fuel cells, and for a very interesting and informative look at this timely issue you may wish to take a look at our Electrolysis Page. For an excellent overview regarding the planned use of liquid-cooled StarDrive Dynamo units in the commercial desalination or distillation of water, just click on the red Utility Plant Specs link at the bottom of this page.
 


 > Basic EDF (StarDrive) Generator design and operation issues are discussed in further detail in our 1st Proof-of-Concept Experiment Report. At the present time, we are building a second and definitive P-o-C experimental setup utilizing all-production-spec materials and components. A similar Report on the testing of this actual EDF Generator primary power system will be forthcoming, as will further news {!} about the funding of our full-scale 24kW Prototype Project.
 
 >> Qualified U.S. organizations that would like permission to assemble a prototype EDF Generator or further technical data about the technology are welcome to contact our business office using the e-mail link below, or by phone during normal business hours [9 am to 5 pm (EST), Mon.– Fri.].
 
 >>> Engineers and students may be assured that our technical manual StarDrive Engineering (~440 pgs.) provides  a full basic set of linearly-scalable specifications  for the primary systems of over-unity EDF Generators and Dynamos up to 35 ft. in diameter, as well as sufficient mathematical treatment to fully substantiate both the novel conceptual claims and hardware proposals made. You are welcome to purchase a copy using the link provided below!


– –  Energy Notes  – –

>  Whether or not you (our good visitors) acknowledge humanity's dire need to develop an advanced new electric power generation technology which obviates any continued dependence on nonrenewable hydrocarbons, and soon, you should take a few moments to review and contemplate the recent findings of a group of Swedish scientists regarding their revised downward estimate of remaining global oil and natural gas reserves. While the U.S. government would encourage us to believe that global oil reserves are adequate for another 25 years at the present rate of consumption, and that sufficient natural gas remains for over 65 years, the Swedish team's analysis suggests these figures may more realistically be something like only 18 years and 45 years respectively. Please see this NewScientist.com article (dated 10/05/03).
 
And from another source: Most experts agree that there is between 990 billion and 1.1 trillion barrels of accessible crude petroleum oil left on the planet; the BP World Energy Review 2002 puts the number at 1.05 trillion barrels. At the present rate of consumption, 24 billion barrels per year, the world will run out of oil by 2043. However, if the demand for crude oil continues to increase at the same rate it has in the past, the world's oil supply may be depleted as soon as 2020. [ref.: www.biotour.org/fossilfuels.html]
 
One might also stop to consider the following: according to a great recent article in the New York Times ["As Earth Warms, the Hottest Issue is Energy", by Kenneth Chang; dated 11/04/03], the world's total energy use is currently about 12 trillion joules per second – the equivalent of lighting around 120 billion 100-watt bulbs – and 85 percent of that comes from fossil fuels. About 64% of the world's electricity is generated with fossil fuels.

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